Framing TTIP in the European Public Spheres by Alvaro Oleart

Author:Alvaro Oleart
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9783030536374
Publisher: Springer International Publishing

In consequence, the entire Spanish TTIP debate can be divided in two distinguishable periods, and even though each news outlet has some differences, the periods in TTIP framing broadly hold across the three news outlets. The first period corresponds broadly to the three initial semesters, from the first semester of 2013 (13 01) to the end of September 2014. During this period, there is a broad balance between opportunity and agonistic frames with the opportunity frame jobs and growth and the agonistic challenge to standards as the most prominent. At this point, however, the agonistic master frame corporations vs democracy remains secondary, and the salience of the issue is low. This first period, which covers the announcement and start of the negotiations, corresponds to how EU affairs are traditionally covered at the national level, with a low level of salience, and in a relatively non-contentious way, keeping EU affairs relatively inconspicuous and allowing executive actors’ perspective to be challenged, but not in salient and frontal way. In this first period (from the start of the negotiations in February 2013 until September 2014), the progressive eldiario.es was already putting forward agonistic frames in the public sphere, but the mainstream EL PAÍS and the economic Expansión were not picking up those frames. The second period (from October 2014 until the end of the negotiations, in November 2016) does not only imply a dramatic increase in the number of articles published, as it has been pointed out earlier, but also a shift in the way in which TTIP is framed. Figure 5 illustrates the framing ratio presence of the two leading opportunity frames and the four leading agonistic and antagonistic frames by period.2 The distribution in the visibility of frames indicates the shift in the narrative about TTIP in the two periods: in the first one the weight of opportunity and agonistic frames are broadly similar, whereas in the second one the agonistic frames become more dominant.

Fig. 5Framing ratio by period in terms of percentage of the content frames in the sampled Spanish news outlets

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